Is there communication? Access to information by persons with disabilities in Serbia

Main Article Content

Dejan Masliković
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0425-0686
Bojan Tomić
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5819-830X

Abstract

Persons with disabilities often face barriers that hinder their ability to access information effectively. This study presents results of a survey which was conducted in the second half of 2022, on the topic of the accessibility of information for persons with disabilities in Serbia, as well as their means of communication. A convenience sample of 111 individuals with physical and/or sensory disabilities, with basic digital literacy, aged 18 to 59, was surveyed through the mediation of associations of persons with disabilities. The findings reveal the usage patterns, preferences, and challenges faced by individuals with disabilities in accessing information. It has been found that the internet (99.10%), social networks (91.89%), and specialized platforms (79.28%) are prominent sources of information. Although specialized applications for communication and telephone communication are widely used, personal contact communication (96.40% very often or often) is still the prevalent method of communication. Public institutions and state authorities are perceived as inadequately adapted to the needs of individuals with disabilities. The findings underscore the need for continued efforts to improve accessibility infrastructure and implement inclusive design principles to bridge the information gap for individuals with disabilities in Serbia.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Article Details

How to Cite
Masliković, D., & Tomić, B. (2024). Is there communication? Access to information by persons with disabilities in Serbia. Stanovnistvo, 62(1), 153–166. https://doi.org/10.59954/stnv.563
Section
Articles
Author Biographies

Dejan Masliković, Institute for Social Science, Belgrade (Serbia)

Research Associate

Bojan Tomić, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade (Serbia)

Research Associate

References

Akyurek, G., & Bumin, G. (2017). Community Participation in People with Disabilities. In M. Huri (Ed.), Occupational Therapy – Occupation Focused Holistic Practice in Rehabilitation. InTech. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.68470 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.68470

Bašić, G. (2014). Mediji i osobe sa invaliditetom. Beograd: Centar za istraživanje etniciteta.

Bicen, H., & Shali, S. N. (2021). A Content Analysis on Publications Written on (E-Government and M-Government) from 2000 to 2021. Brain Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience, 12(3), 303–318. https://doi.org/10.18662/brain/12.3/233 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18662/brain/12.3/233

Britz, J. J. (2004). To Know or not to Know: A Moral Reflection on Information Poverty. Journal of Information Science, 30(3), 192–204. https://doi.org/10.1177/0165551504044666 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0165551504044666

CIPESA (2021). Assessing the Barriers to Accessing ICT by People with Disabilities in Tanzania. Collaboration on International ICT Policy for East and Southern Africa (CIPESA).

https://cipesa.org/wp-content/files/publications/Assessing-the-Barriers-to-Accessing-ICT-by-Persons-With-Disabilities-in-Tanzania.pdf. Accessed 8 May 2024.

Center for Human Rights in Iran, & Human Rights Watch. (2018). “I Am Equally Human” Discrimination and Lack of Accessibility for People with Disabilities in Iran. Human Rights Watch. https://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/accessible_document/iran0618english_i_am_equally_human.pdf. Accessed 8 May 2024.

Chien, H. J., & Wu, Y. S. (2024). Accessible formats that support access to information by persons with disabilities. Journal of the Formosan Medical Association, 123(3), 305–306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfma.2023.11.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfma.2023.11.001

Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (2014). Draft General Comment on Article 9 of the Convention Accessibility. Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.

https://www.ohchr.org/Documents/HRBodies/CRPD/GC/DGCArticle9.doc. Accessed 8 May 2024.

García-Crespo, Á., Paniagua-Martín, F., Colomo-Palacios, R., & Gómez-Berbís, J. M. (2012). E-inclusion for people with disabilities in E-government services through accessible multimedia. Int. J. Inf. Syst. Soc. Change, 3(3), 37–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jissc.2012070103 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4018/jissc.2012070103

Gibson, A. N., & Martin III, J. D. (2019). Re-situating information poverty: Information marginalization and parents of individuals with disabilities. Journal of the Association for Information Science & Technology, 70(5), 476–487. https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.24128 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.24128

Harwood, R. (2014). ‘The dying of the light’: the impact of the spending cuts, and cuts to employment law protections, on disability adjustments in British local authorities, Disability & Society, 29(10), 1511–1523. https://doi.org/10.1080/09687599.2014.958132 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09687599.2014.958132

Hersh, M. (2020). Technology for inclusion – Background paper prepared for the 2020 Global Education Monitoring Report Inclusion and education. UNESCO. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000373655. Accessed 25 March 2024.

Josjö, H. (2012). ICT and inclusion Teachers’ perceptions on the use of information and communication technology for students with special educational needs in general educational settings. Umeå: Umeå universitet. https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:633789/FULLTEXT01.pdf. Accessed 25 March 2024.

Kadijevic, DJ., Odovic, G., & Maslikovic, D. (2016). Using ICT and Quality of Life: Comparing Persons with and Without Disabilities. In K. Miesenberger, C. Bühler, & P. Penaz (Eds.), Computers Helping People with Special Needs – 15th International Conference. ICCHP 2016. Proceedings (pp. 129–133). Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 9758. Cham: Springer.

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41264-1_18 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41264-1_18

Kadijevich, D. M., Masliković, D., & Tomić, B. M. (2020). Dataset regarding access to information for persons with disabilities in Serbia. Data in Brief, 32, 106309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2020.106309 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2020.106309

Kadijevich, Dj. M., Masliković, D., & Tomić, B. M. (2022). Familiarity with state regulations regarding access to information for persons with disabilities in Serbia. International Journal of Disability, Development and Education, 69(5), 1715–1725. https://doi.org/10.1080/1034912X.2020.1802646 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1034912X.2020.1802646

Koob, R., Oliva, I., Salomé, K., Williamson, M., Lamont-Manfre, M. Hugen, A., & Dickerson, A. (2022). Tech Tools in Pandemic-Transformed Information Literacy Instruction: Pushing for Digital Accessibility. Information Technology & Libraries, 41(4), 1–32. https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v41i4.15383 DOI: https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v41i4.15383

Lawson, A. (2017). Accessibility of information, technologies and communication for persons with disabilities – Contribution to the Council of Europe Strategy on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. Council of Europe. https://rm.coe.int/final-study-accessibility-of-information/168072b420. Accessed 8 May 2024.

Lazić, M., Domazet, I., Vukmirović, V. & Banović, J. (2022). Strategic framework for inclusion of persons with disabilities in online (platform) work. In N. Gvozdenović et al. (Eds.), 27th International Scientific Conference Strategic Management and Decision Support Systems in Strategic Management SM 2022 (pp. 397–404). Subotica: Faculty of Economics. DOI: https://doi.org/10.46541/978-86-7233-406-7_220

https://www.ef.uns.ac.rs/sm2022/download/SM2022-proceedings.pdf

Lazić, M., Vukmirović, V., & Banović, J. (2022). Digitalne kompetencije osoba sa invaliditetom u Srbiji i uključivanje u rad na onlajn platformama. Beograd: Institut ekonomskih nauka.

Lazić, M., Vukmirović, V., Banović, J., Simović, V. & Paunović, M. (2023). Digital competencies as a precondition for an inclusive digital economy – Is there a gender gap among persons with disabilities in Serbia?. Journal of Women’s Entrepreneurship and Education, 1–2, 51–71.

https://doi.org/10.28934/jwee23.12.pp51-71 DOI: https://doi.org/10.28934/jwee23.12.pp51-71

Lazić, M. & Vukmirović, V. (2023). Improving Digital Competences of Persons with Disabilities as a Precondition for an Inclusive Digital Economy: Evidence from Serbia. In M. Stanković and V. Nikolić (Eds.), 4th Virtual International Conference: Path to a Knowledge Society-Managing Risks and Innovation PaKSoM 2022 (pp. 389–394). Niš, Belgrade: Complex System Research Centre, Mathematical Institute of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts.

https://paksom.cosrec.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/PaKSoM_2022.pdf

Lord, J. E. (2017). Chapter 2. Accessible ICTs and the Opening of Political Space for Persons with Disabilities. In J. Lazar & M. A. Stein (Eds.), Disability, Human Rights, and Information Technology (pp. 24–40), Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

https://doi.org/10.9783/9780812294095-004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.9783/9780812294095-004

Masliković, D., & Tomić, B. (2015). Pristupačnost arheoloških lokaliteta osobama sa invaliditetom [Accessibility of archaeological sites to people with disabilities]. Starinar, 65, 221–227. https://doi.org/10.2298/STA1565221M DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/STA1565221M

Masliković, D. (2016). Kapacitet digitalne tehnologije za razvoj inkluzivnog društva. University of Belgrade. https://nardus.mpn.gov.rs/handle/123456789/6168. Accessed 8 May 2024.

Masliković, D., & Krstić, N. (2018). Digitalna tehnologija i inkluzija: zavisnost i teškoće. In International scientific conference on information technology and data related research, 5th International Scientific Conference – Sinteza 2018 (pp. 97–102). Belgrade: Singidunum University. https://doi.org/10.15308/Sinteza-2018-97-102 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15308/Sinteza-2018-97-102

Masliković, D., Tomić, B. M., & Tomić, M. M. (2023). Inovativni alati za očuvanje i prezentaciju kulturnog nasleđa. In D. Bojović & K. Mitić (Eds.), Vizantijsko-slovenska čtenija 6: zbornik radova sa istoimene Međunarodne naučne konferencije, koja je održana 26. novembra 2022. godine na Univerzitetu u Nišu (pp. 525–532), Niš: Međunarodni centar za pravoslavne studije, Centar za vizantijsko-slovenske studije Univerziteta u Nišu, Centar za crkvene studije.

Miller, T. (2024). Weighing the Merits of AI for Information Access. Computers in Libraries, 44(2), 13–16.

Mirić, F. (2015). Jezik invalidnosti kao faktor viktimizacije osoba sa invaliditetom, Temida, 18(1), 111–126. https://doi.org/10.2298/TEM1501111M DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/TEM1501111M

Moser, I. (2006). Disability and the promises of technology: Technology, subjectivity and embodiment within an order of the normal. Information, Communication & Society, 9(3), 373–395. https://doi.org/10.1080/13691180600751348 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13691180600751348

Nedović, G., Rapaić, D., Odović, G, Potić, S., & Milićević, M. (2012). Socijalna participacija osoba sa invaliditetom. Beograd: Društvo defektologa Srbije.

Pardo, T. A. (2000). Realizing the Promise of Digital Government: It’s More than Building a Web Site. Information Impacts Magazine, October. https://www.ctg.albany.edu/media/pubs/pdfs/realizing_the_promise.pdf

Persson, H., Åhman, H., Yngling, A. A., & Gulliksen, J. (2015). Universal design, inclusive design, accessible design, design for all: different concepts—one goal? On the concept of accessibility—historical, methodological and philosophical aspects. Universal Access in the Information Society, 14(4), 505–526. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10209-014-0358-z DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10209-014-0358-z

Radosav, D., & Ćatić, V. (2012). Pristupačnost interneta osobama sa poremećajem razlikovanja boja. Teme, 36(1), 277–290.

Raja, D. S. (2016). Bridging the Disability Divide through Digital Technologies. World Development Report 2016: Digital Dividends. The World Bank. https://thedocs.worldbank.org/en/doc/123481461249337484-0050022016/original/WDR16BPBridgingtheDisabilityDividethroughDigitalTechnologyRAJA.pdf. Accessed 8 May 2024.

Ružičić-Novković, M. (2014). Predstavljanje osoba sa invaliditetom u medijskom diskursu Srbije. Novi Sad: Centar „Živeti uspravno“.

Seale, J., Georgeson, J., Mamas, C., & Swain, J. (2015). Not the right kind of ‘digital capital’? An examination of the complex relationship between disabled students, their technologies and higher education institutions. Comput. Educ., 82(1), 118–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2014.11.007 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2014.11.007

Simovic, V., Paunovic, M., Lazic, M., Domazet, I., & Boskovic, G. (2024). ‘I know that I know nothing’ – the perceptions of remote work competencies of the persons with disabilities. Information, Communication & Society (in print). https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2024.2320903 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2024.2320903

Stephanidis, C., & Savidis, А. (2001). Universal Access in the Information Society: Methods, Tools, and Interaction Technologies. Universal Access in the Information Society, 1(1), 40–55. https://doi.org/10.1007/s102090100008 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s102090100008

Sylvester, J., Donnell, N., Gray, S., Higgins, K., & Stalker, K. (2014). A survey of disabled children and young people’s views about their quality of life. Disability & Society, 29(5), 763–777. https://doi.org/10.1080/09687599.2013.848782 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09687599.2013.848782

Trajković, J. (2020). Predstavljanje osoba sa invaliditetom u srpskoj štampi – analiza dnevnih novina „Blic“ i „Danas“. CM: Communication and Media, 15(47), 85–108.

https://doi.org/10.5937/cm15-25721 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/cm15-25721

United Nations (2002). Benchmarking E-Government: A Global Perspective.

https://doi.org/10.18356/9789210016322 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18356/9789210016322

van Deursen, A. J., & van Dijk, J. A. (2014). The digital divide shifts to differences in usage. New Media Soc., 16(3), 507–526. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444813487959 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444813487959

van Kraayenoord, C. (2010). Digital Environments and Individuals with Disabilities: Some research needs. International Journal of Disability, Development and Education, 57(3), 241–244. https://doi.org/10.1080/1034912X.2010.501267 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1034912X.2010.501267

Watling, S. (2011). Digital exclusion: coming out from behind closed doors. Disability & Society, 26(4), 491–495. https://doi.org/10.1080/09687599.2011.567802 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09687599.2011.567802

Yang, Y. T., & Chen, B. (2015). Web accessibility for older adults: a comparative analysis of disability laws. Gerontologist, 55(5), 854–864. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnv057 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnv057

Yang, E., & Lee, K. H. (2022). The Moderating Effects of Disability on Mobile Internet Use Among Older Adults: Population-Based Cross-sectional Study. J Med Internet Res, 24(4), e37127. https://doi.org/10.2196/37127 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2196/37127

Zinnbauer, D. (2007). What can Social Capital and ICT do for Inclusion?. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities.