Trendovi u tranziciji na tržište rada mladih u Srbiji

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Objavljeno: Mar 8, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.59954/stnv.538
Ključne reči:
mladi, tranzicija, tržište rada, životni tok, analiza preživljavanja

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Jovana Zafirović
Institut društvenih nauka, Beograd
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1672-3786

Apstrakt

Poslednjih decenija transformacija iz industrijskih u postindustrijska društva neminovno je uticala i na obrasce tranzicije mladih na tržište rada. Obrasci te tranzicije odražavaju kontinuitet i promene u društvenoj podeli rada, a samim tim predstavljaju važan proces za oblikovanje društvene stratifikacije modernih društava. Predmet ovog rada je analiza promena u prosečnom dobu ulaska na tržište rada u Srbiji od druge polovine dvadesetog veka do danas, s ciljem da se osvetle odgovori na tri pitanja: 1) kako se menjalo prosečno doba ulaska u svet rada u ovom periodu, 2) kakve su bile razlike između muškaraca i žena u obrascima tranzicije, kao i 3) kakve su bile razlike između urbanog i ruralnog stanovništva u obrascima tranzicije. Akcenat je na prepoznavanju osnovnih trendova tranzicije na tržište rada mladih za kohorte rođene od 1930. do 1995. godine. Analiza se zasniva na podacima Evropskog društvenog istraživanja iz 2018. na uzorku za Srbiju od 1.265 ispitanika/ca. Primenjena je statistička analiza preživljavanja radi prikazivanja promena u vremenu proučavanog životnog događaja kao i Kaplan-Majerove ocene funkcije preživljavanja radi njihovog poređenja kroz rod/lokalitet. Rezultati ukazuju da možemo govoriti o odlaganju profesionalnih tranzicija tokom proučavanog perioda, ali ne nužno i o njihovoj destandardizaciji. Takođe, životni tokovi muškaraca i žena su postajali sve sličniji sve do perioda sloma socijalizma i porasta društvenih nejednakosti kada je taj trend zaustavljen, a sa druge strane obrasci profesionalnih tranzicija između osoba iz ruralnih i gradskih područja jesu sve sličniji.

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Zafirović, J. (2024). Trendovi u tranziciji na tržište rada mladih u Srbiji. Stanovništvo, 62(1), 43–64. https://doi.org/10.59954/stnv.538
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God. 62 Br. 1 (2024)
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Ovaj rad je pod Creative Commons Autorstvo-Nekomercijalno 4.0 Internacionalna licenca.

Centar za demografska istraživanja Instituta društvenih nauka

Biografija autora

Jovana Zafirović, Institut društvenih nauka, Beograd

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