Trendovi u tranziciji na tržište rada mladih u Srbiji

Bočna strana članka

PDF
Objavljeno: Mar 8, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.59954/stnv.538
Ključne reči:
mladi, tranzicija, tržište rada, životni tok, analiza preživljavanja

Glavni sadržaj članka

Jovana Zafirović
Institut društvenih nauka, Beograd
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1672-3786

Apstrakt

Poslednjih decenija transformacija iz industrijskih u postindustrijska društva neminovno je uticala i na obrasce tranzicije mladih na tržište rada. Obrasci te tranzicije odražavaju kontinuitet i promene u društvenoj podeli rada, a samim tim predstavljaju važan proces za oblikovanje društvene stratifikacije modernih društava. Predmet ovog rada je analiza promena u prosečnom dobu ulaska na tržište rada u Srbiji od druge polovine dvadesetog veka do danas, s ciljem da se osvetle odgovori na tri pitanja: 1) kako se menjalo prosečno doba ulaska u svet rada u ovom periodu, 2) kakve su bile razlike između muškaraca i žena u obrascima tranzicije, kao i 3) kakve su bile razlike između urbanog i ruralnog stanovništva u obrascima tranzicije. Akcenat je na prepoznavanju osnovnih trendova tranzicije na tržište rada mladih za kohorte rođene od 1930. do 1995. godine. Analiza se zasniva na podacima Evropskog društvenog istraživanja iz 2018. na uzorku za Srbiju od 1.265 ispitanika/ca. Primenjena je statistička analiza preživljavanja radi prikazivanja promena u vremenu proučavanog životnog događaja kao i Kaplan-Majerove ocene funkcije preživljavanja radi njihovog poređenja kroz rod/lokalitet. Rezultati ukazuju da možemo govoriti o odlaganju profesionalnih tranzicija tokom proučavanog perioda, ali ne nužno i o njihovoj destandardizaciji. Takođe, životni tokovi muškaraca i žena su postajali sve sličniji sve do perioda sloma socijalizma i porasta društvenih nejednakosti kada je taj trend zaustavljen, a sa druge strane obrasci profesionalnih tranzicija između osoba iz ruralnih i gradskih područja jesu sve sličniji.

Preuzimanja

Podaci o preuzimanju još uvek nisu dostupni.

Detalji članka

Kako citirati
Zafirović, J. (2024). Trendovi u tranziciji na tržište rada mladih u Srbiji. Stanovništvo. https://doi.org/10.59954/stnv.538
Broj časopisa
Online First
Sekcija
Članci
Creative Commons License

Ovaj rad je pod Creative Commons Autorstvo-Nekomercijalno 4.0 Internacionalna licenca.

Centar za demografska istraživanja Instituta društvenih nauka

Biografija autora

Jovana Zafirović, Institut društvenih nauka, Beograd

Istraživačica saradnica

Crossref
Scopus
Google Scholar
Europe PMC

Reference

Alheit, P. (2018). The Concept of “Biographicity” as Background Theory of Lifelong Learning? Dyskursy Młodych Andragogów, 19, 9-22.

Allison, P. (2019). Event History and Survival Analysis. In G. R. Hancock, L. M. Stapleton & R. O. Mueller (Eds), The reviewer's guide to quantitative methods in the social sciences (Second) (pp. 86-98). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315755649 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315755649-7

Badolato, L. (2023). Stratified pathways to Italy’s “latest-late” transition to adulthood. Advances in Life Course Research, 57, 100563. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.alcr.2023.100563 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.alcr.2023.100563

Beck, U. (1992). Risk Society: Towards a New Modernity. London, New Delhi: Sage Publications.

Becker, H. A., & P. L. J. Hermkens (1993). Generations between market and solidarity. In H. A. Becker & P. L. J. Hermkens (Eds.), Solidarity of Generations. Demographic, Economic and Social Change, and its Consequences, 1 (pp. 175–196). Amsterdam: Thesis.

Benería, L., & Sen, G. (1981). Accumulation, Reproduction, and “Women’s Role in Economic Development”: Boserup Revisited. Signs, 7(2), 279–298. https://doi.org/10.1086/493882 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/493882

Billari, F. C. (2001). The analysis of early life courses: Complex descriptions of the transition to adulthood. Journal of Population Research, 18, 119–142. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03031885 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03031885

Billari, F. C., & Liefbroer, A. C. (2010). Towards a new pattern of transition to adulthood? Advances in Life Course Research, 15(2-3), 59–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.alcr.2010.10.003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.alcr.2010.10.003

Blagojević, M. (2002). Žene i muškarci u Srbiji 1990–2000 - urodnjavanje cene haosa. In S. Bolčić & A. Milić (Eds), Srbija krajem milenijuma, razaranje društva, promene i svakodnevni život (pp. 283–314). Beograd: ISIFF.

Bobić, M. (2003). Brak ili/i partnerstvo. Beograd: Institut za sociološka istraživanja Filozofskog fakulteta.

Bohle, D., & Greskovits, B. (2012). Capitalist Diversity on Europe's Periphery. Cornell University Press.

Brückner, H., & Mayer, K. U. (2005). De-Standardization of the Life Course: What it Might Mean? And if it Means Anything, Whether it Actually Took Place? Advances in Life Course Research, 9, 27–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1040-2608(04)09002-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1040-2608(04)09002-1

Buchmann, M. (1989). The script of life in modern society: Entry into adulthood in a changing world. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Cheah, C. S. L., Trinder, K. M., & Gokavi, T. N. (2010). Urban/rural and gender differences among Canadian emerging adults. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 34(4), 339–344. https://doi.org/10.1177/0165025409339152 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0165025409339152

Cvejić, S. (2006). Korak u mestu – društvena pokretljivost u Srbiji u procesu postsocijalističke transformacije. Beograd: ISI FF.

Elder, G. H. (1975). Age Differentiation and the Life Course. Annual Review of Sociology, 1(1), 165–190. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.so.01.080175.001121 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.so.01.080175.001121

Elder, G. H. (2002). The Life Course and Aging: Some Accomplishments, Unfinished Tasks, and New Directions, Annual meeting of the Gerontological Society of America, Boston, November 11, 2002.

Elder, G. H., & Shanahan, M. J. (2007). The Life Course and Human Development. Handbook of Child Psychology. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470147658.chpsy0112 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470147658.chpsy0112

Esping-Andersen, G. (1990). The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism. Cambridge: Polity Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/095892879100100108

ESS Round 9: European Social Survey Round 9 Data (2018). Data file edition 2.0. NSD - Norwegian Centre for Research Data, Norway – Data Archive and distributor of ESS data for ESS ERIC. https://doi.org/10.21338/NSD-ESS9-2018

Fenton, M. P., Forthun, L. F., Aristild, S., & Vasquez, K. B. (2021). The Role of the Rural Context in the Transition to Adulthood: A Scoping Review. Adolescent Research Review, 7(1), 101–126. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40894-021-00161-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40894-021-00161-6

Giddens, A. (1984). The Constitution of Society. Outline of the Theory of Structuration. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Giddens, A. (1990). The Consequences of Modernity. Stanford: Stanford University Press.

Giele, J. Z., & Holst, E. (2003). New life patterns and changing gender roles. Advances in Life Course Research, 8, 3–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1040-2608(03)08001-8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1040-2608(03)08001-8

Ignjatovic, S. (2009). Recent problems in research on transition to adulthood: Country focus Serbia. Stanovnistvo, 47(1), 7–22. https://doi.org/10.2298/STNV0901007I DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/STNV0901007I

Inglehart, R. (1977). The Silent Revolution: Changing values and political styles among Western publics. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Kleinbaum, D. G. (1996). Survival Analysis. Springer New York. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2555-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2555-1

Kogan, I., Gebel, M., & Noelke, C. (2008). Europe Enlarged: A Handbook of Education, Labour and Welfare Regimes in Central and Eastern Europe. Bristol: Policy Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781847420640.001.0001

Kohli, M. (2007). The institutionalization of the life course: looking back to look ahead. Research in Human Development, 4(3–4), 253–271. https://doi.org/10.1080/15427600701663122 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15427600701663122

Lazić, M. (2011). Čekajući kapitalizam. Beograd: Službeni glasnik.

Lesthaeghe, R. (2010). The Unfolding Story of the Second Demographic Transition. Population and Development Review, 36(2), 211–251. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1728-4457.2010.00328.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1728-4457.2010.00328.x

Macmillan, R. (2005a). The Structure of the Life Course: Classic Issues and Current Controversies. Advances in Life Course Research, 9, 3–24. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S1040-2608(04)09001-X DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1040-2608(04)09001-X

Macmillan, R. (2005b). The structure of the life course: Standardized? Individualized? Differentiated?. Amsterdam: JAI Press.

Mandel, H., & Shalev, M. (2009). Gender, Class, and Varieties of Capitalism. Social Politics: International Studies in Gender, State and Society, 16, 161 - 181. https://doi.org/10.1093/sp/jxp006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/sp/jxp006

Mentus, V. (2022). Aging well? Social spending, age, and subjective wellbeing across Europe. Stanovništvo, 60(2), 75–88. https://doi.org/10.2298/STNV2202075M DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/STNV2202075M

Mitrovic, K. (2022). Anthropological research on coming of age and “extended youth”: Youth “well-spent” in Serbia. Stanovnistvo, 60(2), 89–106. https://doi.org/10.2298/STNV2202089M DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/STNV2202089M

Mojić, D. (2016). Obrazovno-radni resursi i orijentacije mladih u Srbiji u periodu odblokirane postsocijalističke transformacije. Sociologija, 58(1): 245–258. https://doi.org/10.2298/SOC16S1245M DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/SOC16S1245M

Müller, W., & Gangl, M. (2003). Transitions from Education to Work in Europe. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/0199252475.001.0001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/0199252475.001.0001

Petrović, M. (2011). Promene bračnosti i porodičnih modela u postsocijalističkim zemljama – zakasnela i nepotpuna ili specifična druga demografska tranzicija? Stanovništvo, 49(1), 53–78. https://doi.org/10.2298/STNV1101053P DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/STNV1101053P

Riley, M. W., & Riley, J. W. (2000). Age Integration. The Gerontologist, 40(3), 266–270. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/40.3.266 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/40.3.266

Riley, M. W., Kahn, R., & Foner, A. (1994). Age and structural lag: Society’s failure to providemeaningful opportunities in work, family, and leisure. New York: Wiley.

Salas-Velasco, M. (2007). The transition from higher education to employment in Europe:the analysis of the time to obtain the first job. Higher Education, 54(3), 333–360. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-006-9000-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-006-9000-1

Shanahan, M. J. (2000). Pathways to Adulthood in Changing Societies: Variability and Mechanisms in Life Course Perspective. Annual Review of Sociology, 26(1), 667–692. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.26.1.667 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.26.1.667

Standing, G. (2011). The Precariat: The New Dangerous Class. Bloomsbury Academic. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781849664554 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5040/9781849664554

Stanojević, D., & Tomašević, A. (2021). Stambene i porodične putanje mladih odraslih u pet zemalja: Švedskoj, Nemačkoj, Velikoj Britaniji, Italiji i Srbiji – analiza sekvenci podataka Evropskog društvenog istraživanja. Sociologija, 63(2), 262-288. https://doi.org/10.2298/SOC2102262S DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/SOC2102262S

Tomanović, S. (2012). Promene u tranziciji u odraslost mladih u Srbiji između 2003. i 2011. godine. Sociologija, 54(2), 227-243. https://doi.org/10.2298/SOC1202227T DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/SOC1202227T

Tomanović, S., & Stanojević, D. (2015). Mladi u Srbiji 2015. Stanja, opažanja, verovanja i nadanja. Beograd: FES i SeCons.

Tomanović, S. Ljubičić, M., & Stanojević, D. (2016). Postajanje roditeljem u Srbiji: Sociološko istraživanje tranzicije u roditeljstvo. Beograd: Institut za sociološka istraživanja Filozofskog fakulteta Univerziteta u Beogradu, Čigoja.

Tomanović, S. (2019). What we talk about when we talk about family?: Concept in context. Sociologija, 61(3), 301-322. https://doi.org/10.2298/SOC1903301T DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/SOC1903301T

Tomanović, S. (2022). Bringing social biography to life course studies: Agency and reflexivity in education-to-work transitions in young adults’ biographies. Stanovništvo, 60(2), 9–28. https://doi.org/10.2298/STNV2202009T DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/STNV2202009T

Walther, A., & Plug, W. (2006). Transitions from school to work in Europe: Destandardization and policy trends. New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, 113, 77–90. https://doi.org/10.1002/cd.170 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/cd.170

Winkler-Dworak, M., & Toulemon, L. (2007). Gender Differences in the Transition to Adulthood in France: Is There Convergence Over the Recent Period? European Journal of Population/Revue Européenne de Démographie, 23(3–4), 273–314. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10680-007-9128-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10680-007-9128-4

Young, M. C. (2010). Gender Differences in Precarious Work Settings. Relations Industrielles / Industrial Relations, 65(1), 74–97. https://doi.org/10.7202/039528ar DOI: https://doi.org/10.7202/039528ar