Bibliometrijska analiza i pravci budućih istraživanja u oblasti onlajn platformi za rad
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Pojava onlajn platformi za rad je preoblikovala postojeće radne prakse, obezbeđujući digitalno tržište koje povezuje nezavisne izvođače sa kratkoročnim potrebama za radnom snagom. Ovo istraživanje predstavlja opsežnu bibliometrijsku analizu novonastalog korpusa znanja u oblasti onlajn platformi za rad, ukazujući na višestruke pristupe u istraživanju ovog novog oblika rada u različitim akademskim disciplinama. Sa skupom podataka koji se sastoji od 358 radova objavljenih između 2013. godine i avgusta 2023. godine, ova studija ukazuje na ključne trendove, geografsku distribuciju i naučna interesovanja koja karakterišu istraživanje u oblasti onlajn platformi za rad. Analiza otkriva konzistentan rast pažnje naučnika prema onlajn platformama za rad u toku posmatranog perioda, odražavajući brzu globalnu ekspanziju ovih platformi. Rezultati analize prostorne distribucije naučnih istraživanja nisu u skladu sa obimom korišćenja onlajn platformi za rad u različitim zemljama, što ukazuje na uticaj različitih kontekstualnih faktora na istraživački interes. Studija otkriva širok spektar akademskih disciplina koje se bave istraživanjem onlajn platformi za rad, uključujući industrijske odnose i rad, menadžment, ekonomiju, sociologiju, pravo i računarske nauke. Ovaj interdisciplinarni pristup naglašava uticaj onlajn platformi za rad na tradicionalne radne angažmane, podstičući istraživanja o kompleksnoj interakciji tehnologije, ekonomije i društvenih aspekata. Analizirajući uvide iz naučnih publikacija i evoluirajuće izazove koje postavljaju onlajn platforme za rad, studija predlaže kritične pravce za buduća istraživanja. Raspodela zarade, nesigurnost posla i regulatorni pristupi za zaštitu prava radnika u okviru gig ekonomije identifikovani su kao ključne oblasti za buduća istraživanja. Pored toga, odnos između digitalnih platformi, algoritama i iskustva radnika, kao i dinamika inkluzivnosti unutar onlajn platformi za rad, zahtevaju dodatnu pažnju istraživača. Potencijal radnika na onlajn platformama da iskoriste kolektivnu moć u oblikovanju uslova rada takođe se izdvaja kao jedan od budućih pravaca istraživanja. Dok nalazi ove studije doprinose postojećem korpusu saznanja o onlajn platformama za rad, metodologija sadrži izvesna ograničenja. Oslanjanje na specifične ključne reči prilikom sprovođenja bibliometrijske analize može ograničiti obuhvat radova, što ukazuje na potencijal za uključivanje većeg broja ključnih reči. Uključivanje publikacija iz različitih baza podataka i na različitim jezicima može obezbediti sveobuhvatniju analizu. Bez obzira na navedena ograničenja, ova studija pruža ključnu osnovu za buduće istraživačke poduhvate u oblasti onlajn platformi za rad. Ovim radom se naglašava potreba za suočavanjem sa brojnim izazovima koje postavljaju onlajn platforme za rad, a istovremeno najavljuje transformativni potencijal ovih platformi u oblikovanju budućnosti rada u digitalnoj eri. Kako onlajn platforme za rad nastavljaju da se razvijaju, interdisciplinarna istraživanja su imperativ u informisanju o pravičnim i održivim radnim praksama.
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Ovaj rad je pod Creative Commons Autorstvo-Nekomercijalno 4.0 Internacionalna licenca.
Centar za demografska istraživanja Instituta društvenih nauka
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