Populizam i migrantska kriza u Evropi – političke implikacije
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Migrantska kriza 2015. godine pokazala je da su države članice Evropske unije prvenstveno vodile računa o sopstvenim interesima suočavajući se sa masovnim i snažnim prilivom migranata. Na jednoj strani države članice EU su se suočavale sa unutrašnjim političkim izazovima populizma, dok su na drugoj strani izostale brze, usklađene i sinhronizovane mere kojima bi se rešavali problemi.
Na političkom planu još uvek su dinamične rasprave o narušavanju etničkih slika pojedinih država. Te rasprave vrlo brzo su potisnule u drugi plan debate o razvojnim potencijalima „svežeg” ljudskog kapitala, odnosno integracije migranata u društveno-ekonomske sisteme država članica EU.
Može se reći da je uporedna analiza izborne podrške populističkim strankama i pokretima u Evropi posle migrantske krize dovela do zaključka o tome da postoji direktna korelacija između porasta podrške populistima i velike migrantske krize. Upravo je veliki migrantski talas u dobroj meri doprineo stvaranju velikog populističkog talasa koji je zahvatio gotovo celu Evropu.
Promene unutar Evropske unije nisu išle u pravcu jačanja integrativnih procesa povodom migrantske krize, dok su na unutrašnjem planu država članica jasna pomeranja u pravcu snaženja političkih opcija koje se zalažu za jačanje nacionalnih država. EU bi morala da sprovede institucionalne reforme koje bi ojačale integrativne procese, vrednosni sistem i demokratsku političku kulturu kako bi uticala i na države članice i države kandidatkinje u obuzdavanju populističkih trendova i gušenja liberalnih elemenata u predstavničkoj demokratiji, a u krajnjem, i pluralizma samog.
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Ovaj rad je pod Creative Commons Autorstvo-Nekomercijalno 4.0 Internacionalna licenca.
Centar za demografska istraživanja Instituta društvenih nauka
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