Planirano ponašanje i rodne razlike u stavovima prema preduzetništvu među studentima poslovne ekonomije i elektrotehnike
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Ovaj rad se bavi izučavanjem preduzetničkih namera među studentima ekonomije i elektrotehnike na Univerzitetu u Beogradu, u teorijskom okviru koji objašnjava tranzicije u okviru životnog toka. Nakon upisa fakulteta, afinitet prema preduzetništvu može da se smatra jednom od tranzicija u njihovom životu, najmanje iz perspektive planiranja radne putanje. Model preduzetničkih namera je konstruisan na temeljima teorije planiranog ponašanja, posmatrajući uzročnu povezanost između namere studenata da postanu preduzetnici i njihovih stavova o preduzetništvu, subjektivnih normi i percepcije o kontroli procesa koji vode ka preduzetništvu. Pri tome, subjektivne norme su otelovljene u razumevanju značajnosti drugih koji bi ih podržali u preduzetničkom poduhvatu, dok percipirana kontrola ponašanja reflektuje njihovo poimanje o tome koliko će budući događaji vezani za taj poduhvat bili pod njihovom kontrolom. Poseban naglasak je stavljen na varijablu koja meri sklonost ka preuzimanju rizika, imajući u vidu da muškarci i žene ne percipiraju mogućnosti i ograničenja na isti način. Informacionu osnovu za ovu analizu čine podaci ankete koja je sprovedena među studentima ova dva fakulteta. U fokusu su dve osnovne istraživačke hipoteze. Prva, koja polazi od rodnih razlika, u smislu sklonosti ka riziku i budućem izboru karijere preduzetnika, bazira se samo na anticipatornoj fazi životnog toka. Druga hipoteza polazi od pretpostavke da se preduzetničke namere studenata ova dva fakulteta razlikuju. Modeli preduzetničkih namera ocenjeni su u formi linearnih regresionih modela koji su izvedeni nakon inicijalno sprovedene multivarijacione statističke analize. Inicijalnom regresionom analizom je utvrđena samo statistički značajna veza između preduzetničkih namera i sklonosti ka preduzetništvu, te spoznaje o kontroli ponašanja. U cilju boljeg razumevanja početne faze životnog toka kod studenata, ocenjene su dodatne regresije na bazi kojih je ispitivan uticaj pojedinačnih nezavisnih varijabli na preduzetničke namere. Ocene regresora su statistički značajne, ukazujući na to da je predikcija preduzetničkog ponašanja uslovljena rodnim razlikama, kao i da zavisi od fakulteta. Osim toga, ovaj rad je namenjen i donosiocima odluka, budući da izlaže detaljnu analizu karakteristika budući preduzetnika, kao i njihovo razumevanje procesa pokretanja poslovnih poduhvata.
Preuzimanja
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Ovaj rad je pod Creative Commons Autorstvo-Nekomercijalno 4.0 Internacionalna licenca.
Centar za demografska istraživanja Instituta društvenih nauka
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