Efekat smrtnosti koja se može izbeći na očekivano trajanje života u Srbiji 2010–2019.
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Izbežna smrtnost se definiše kao smrt koja bi mogla biti izbegnuta adekvatnom i blagovremenom zdravstvenom zaštitom i merama javnog zdravlja i prevencije. Metod meri efikasnost zdravstvenog sistema kvantifikovanjem preuranjenih smrti (0–74) od određenih uzroka. Analiza izbežne smrtnosti u Srbiji, a u okviru ovog koncepta i kategorija sprečive i predupredive smrtnosti, data je za period 2010–2019. godine. Dekomponovanjem očekivanog trajanja života muškog i ženskog stanovništva prema starosti i uzroku smrti određen je doprinos izbežne smrtnosti promenama u očekivanom trajanju života u posmatranom periodu. Rezultati su pokazali da je najveći deo pozitivnih doprinosa nastao usled smanjivanja broja umrlih od bolesti i stanja koja pripadaju izbežnoj smrtnosti (oko 70%). Posmatrano po polu, smanjenje specifičnih stopa izbežne smrtnosti je veće kod muškaraca, naročito kod sredovečnih, gde su doprinosi preko 80%. Stope sprečive i predupredive smrtnosti uvek su više u muškoj populaciji, ali je smanjivanje standardizovanih vrednosti intenzivnije kod muškaraca u Srbiji. Verovatnoća događaja izbežne smrtnosti u muškoj populaciji pri živorođenju je oko 30% (kod žena je 18%). Hipotetičkom eliminacijom izbežne smrtnosti, porast očekivanog trajanja života pri živorođenju kod muškaraca mogao bi iznositi 6,3 godine, a kod žena 3,9. Najznačajniji pozitivan trend smanjenja izbežne smrtnosti jeste kod kardiovaskularnih bolesti i nasilnih uzroka smrti.
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Ovaj rad je pod Creative Commons Autorstvo-Nekomercijalno 4.0 Internacionalna licenca.
Centar za demografska istraživanja Instituta društvenih nauka
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