Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Željka Buturović Author-Workplace-Name: Centre for Politicological Research and Public Opinion, Institute of Social Sciences, Belgrade (Serbia) Author-Name: Suzana Ignjatović Author-Workplace-Name: Centre for Politicological Research and Public Opinion, Institute of Social Sciences, Belgrade (Serbia) Author-Name: Mirjana Rašević Author-Workplace-Name: Demographic Research Centre, Institute of Social Sciences, Belgrade (Serbia) Title: Challenges of Early Motherhood: Breastfeeding Difficulties and Life Satisfaction Publication-Status: Published Abstract: Many studies have looked at benefits of breastfeeding for the baby and, less frequently, the mother. Though many women find breastfeeding difficult, few studies have looked at the potential costs of breastfeeding for this group. From January 19th 2015 through April 18th 2015, the total of 1,980 Serbian mothers completed an on-line survey consisting of 74 questions which addressed their satisfaction with various areas of life. Mothers were divided into four groups depending on their breastfeeding experience: those who enjoy breastfeeding (Group 1), those who breastfeed despite finding it difficult (Group 2), those who do not breastfeed because they find it difficult, but otherwise would (Group 3) and those who do not breastfeed because “it is their choice” (Group 4). There were 1,238 women (53.2%) in Group, 1, 546 (23.4%) in Group 2, 147 (6.3%) in Group 3 and 49 (2.1%) in Group 4. Group 2 scored lower than Group 1 on 25 out of 26 indicators of satisfaction. When these 26 indicators were averaged, there was a significant difference in the average scores between Group 1 (M = 6.87, SD = 1.10) and Group 2 (M = 6.33, SD = 1.20). Group 3 scored higher than Group 2 on 19 out of 26 indicators. There is a remarkably consistent difference in satisfaction across many areas of life between women who breastfeed joyfully and those who do it out of a sense of duty. As public pressure on women to breastfeed mounts, distinction between these two kinds of breastfeeding experiences should be kept in mind. Keywords: breastfeeding; life satisfaction; Serbia; infant feeding; lactivism Journal: Stanovnistvo Pages: 1-14 Volume: 54 Issue: 1 Year: 2016 Month: October DOI: 10.2298/STNV160912005B File-URL: https://stnv.idn.org.rs/STNV/article/view/68 File-Function: Abstract page File-Format: text/html File-URL: https://stnv.idn.org.rs/STNV/article/download/68/61 File-Function: Full text File-Format: application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eto:stanov:v:54:y:2016:i:1:id:68 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Vesna Lukić Author-Workplace-Name: Demographic Research Centre, Institute of Social Sciences, Belgrade (Serbia) Title: Vladimir Nikitović (ed.): „Population of Serbia at the beginning of the 21st century“ Publication-Status: Published Abstract: Nema. Journal: Stanovnistvo Pages: 105-107 Volume: 54 Issue: 1 Year: 2016 Month: October DOI: 10.59954/stnv.223 File-URL: https://stnv.idn.org.rs/STNV/article/view/223 File-Function: Abstract page File-Format: text/html File-URL: https://stnv.idn.org.rs/STNV/article/download/223/207 File-Function: Full text File-Format: application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eto:stanov:v:54:y:2016:i:1:id:223 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Damir Josipovič Author-Workplace-Name: Institute for Ethnic Studies, Ljubljana (Slovenia) Title: The Post-Yugoslav Space on a Demographic Crossway: 25 Years after the Collapse of Yugoslavia Publication-Status: Published Abstract: The aim of the article is to integrally assess the demographic changes after 1990. It is presumed that considerable variations exist in terms of intensity of demographic processes. The following analyses encompassed the relevant national or regional statistics, employing methodological adjustment in order to enable data comparison. Herewith, the changing definitions of population presented a special analytical problem. The so-called principle of “permanent” residence was largely replaced with the principle of “usual” residence. By way of the usual residence it was possible to single out the present population and thus to approach the analysis. The main goal was to assess the direct and indirect demographic loss within the post-Yugoslav space. The combined analysis showed that the whole post Yugoslav area suffered a loss of about 5 million inhabitants (including the permanent emigration of the former guest-workers). Except from Slovenia, and stagnating Montenegro and Macedonia, all other countries from the Yugoslav space have lost more or less of their population. Losing a quarter of its pre-war population, Bosnia-Herzegovina suffered the most (1.093 million), but the high loss was determined also for the neighboring Serbia and Croatia. Serbia within its pre-war territory lost almost a million or one tenth of its population, while Croatia lost more than half a million or one ninth of its population. The three core Yugoslav areas lost more than 2.5 million. The analyses confirmed the striking regional differences as well. The highest relative depopulation was recorded in Republika Srpska of Bosnia-Herzegovina. Keywords: ex-Yugoslavia; demographic change; post-socialism; emigration; depopulation Journal: Stanovnistvo Pages: 15-40 Volume: 54 Issue: 1 Year: 2016 Month: October DOI: 10.2298/STNV160415006J File-URL: https://stnv.idn.org.rs/STNV/article/view/69 File-Function: Abstract page File-Format: text/html File-URL: https://stnv.idn.org.rs/STNV/article/download/69/62 File-Function: Full text File-Format: application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eto:stanov:v:54:y:2016:i:1:id:69 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marta Sjeničić Author-Workplace-Name: Center for Legal Research, Institute of Social Sciences, Belgrade (Serbia) Title: Milan M. Marković: „Persons with disabilities in Serbia“ Publication-Status: Published Abstract: Nema. Journal: Stanovnistvo Pages: 108-113 Volume: 54 Issue: 1 Year: 2016 Month: October DOI: 10.59954/stnv.224 File-URL: https://stnv.idn.org.rs/STNV/article/view/224 File-Function: Abstract page File-Format: text/html File-URL: https://stnv.idn.org.rs/STNV/article/download/224/208 File-Function: Full text File-Format: application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eto:stanov:v:54:y:2016:i:1:id:224 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Zoran Lutovac Author-Workplace-Name: Center for Political Research and Public Opinion, Institute of Social Sciences, Belgrade (Serbia) Title: Migration and European Integration of Serbia Publication-Status: Published Abstract: This paper focuses on migration in the context of European integration which implies, on the one hand, internal integration, integration within the EU and, on the other hand, the enlargement process related to the countries that have applied to join the EU. The aim is to determine in which way the migration, especially refugee crisis in 2015, had influence on the EU, as a supranational political community, and what was the impact on Serbia which is in the process of integration into the European Union. Migrant crisis has shown that the EU has to confront many different issues including several issues of great importance for its survival and strengthening: how to influence on global processes to a greater extent instead of dealing with the consequences of the global politics of others; how to preserve and keep the values ​​that the EU itself is founded and the values ​​on which should be built upon further construction of the political community and, finally, weather the EU can be transformed in the direction of the United European States, in both the functional and in terms of values, or the EU will move towards deepening of Europe of concentric circles. Faced with extremely complex migration situation, Serbia does not have the appropriate institutional and regulatory framework, nor a political response to a series of complex issues in the area of ​​migration and migration-related issues, such as asylum system, irregular migration, sustainable return of our citizens asylum seekers in EU member states, implementation of the agreement on readmission, the departure of highly educated ‒ brain drain, migration and development, the fight against human trafficking (protection of victims, prevention, criminal prosecution of traffickers), and smuggling of migrants, issues of border management, demarcation and boundary determination (as well as the agreement that should be concluded). Some of these problems migrant crisis has made visible by encouraging coping with the need of systemic response to the flaws in the regulatory framework, in the policy concerning asylum seekers, irregular migration through the territory of Serbia, as well as in the sustainable return of our citizens, applicants for asylum in member states. If we put all this in the context of untimely planning, ineffective management of economic trends, the lack of financial support from Brussels to deal with the refugee crisis, but also in the context of the fact that the enlargement policy is aimed at meeting the Copenhagen criteria, but not on economic growth ‒ then the fears of uncontrolled influx of migrants pose potential capital of radical and populist political options. In the relationship with Brussels, Serbia would have to fight for more under-standing regarding the state of the economy and, in general, regarding help with the costs of joining the EU, especially in case of further escalation of the migrant crisis. Serbia's image in the international arena has been changing for better because of the human attitude towards refugees and migrants who were in transit, but for the citizens of Serbia is much more important that the attitude towards them is a part of the essential changes in the society, and not juste an agile response to the crisis – i. e. what metters most is to make appropriate admi-nistrative and legal measures, to effectively manage the problems that migrant crisis put in the foreground, but primarily to change the essence of political community and to have this change of image as a result of state and society transformation towards strengthening democratic institutions, the rule of law, media freedom and developed human rights and freedoms. Keywords: migration; migrant crisis; European integration; Serbia; the European Union Journal: Stanovnistvo Pages: 41-63 Volume: 54 Issue: 1 Year: 2016 Month: October DOI: 10.2298/STNV160519002L File-URL: https://stnv.idn.org.rs/STNV/article/view/72 File-Function: Abstract page File-Format: text/html File-URL: https://stnv.idn.org.rs/STNV/article/download/72/63 File-Function: Full text File-Format: application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eto:stanov:v:54:y:2016:i:1:id:72 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kosta Josifidis Author-Workplace-Name: Department of European Economy and Business, Faculty of Economics Subotica, University of Novi Sad, Subotica (Serbia) Author-Name: Alpar Lošonc Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad (Serbia) Author-Name: Novica Supić Author-Workplace-Name: Department of European Economy and Business, Faculty of Economics Subotica, University of Novi Sad, Subotica (Serbia) Title: Contradictions of International Migration in Terms of Political Economy Publication-Status: Published Abstract: The political economy approach that entails critical arguments in relation to the processes of migration in neoliberal terms is developed in the paper. Starting with the account that migration covers as broad issues as politics, economics and population dynamic, the authors address the issue of migration in the political economy circuits of neoliberalization. In fact, the main line of argument is connected to the political economy as the relevant discursive frame and explanatory principle for the articulation of the complexity of migration. Critical arguments relating to the processes of migration in the neoliberal context thematize the mechanism of implemented flexibilisation and deregulation of labor. Demographic dynamics is essential in this context, but the authors intend to identify those political economy processes that lead to high precariousness, to various forms of temporary labor which are closely associated with forced labor forms. The category of forced labor is emphasized in the contemporary forms of migration, because this mode of labor facilitates the migration throughout the world. Furthermore, the authors point out the contradictory position of the state in relation to the migration-processes and analyse the authoritarian statism. This argumentation leads to articulation of the contradictory position of neolibe-ralization. The neoliberal discourses bring out the critical stance concerning the supremacy of the state, but it plays a key role in the regulation of migration. The state exposed to migration is faced with the contradictory demands. The globalization indicates the world without borders but is faced with the same contradictions. It is no coincidence that the intention of the reconceptualizations of globalization are interested in promoting global public goods. The processes of privatization in the sphere of the regulation of migration sharpen the contradictions of migration in the context of neoliberalization. The political economy approach is faced with the tension between the two approaches. The first proposed regulation and workforce management at the supranational level. The other remains in the framework of “methodological nationalism”: the appropriate starting point is the national state. Given the fact that structural inequalities should be recognized at a global level, and that processes of migration show that there is a certain hierarchical global flow in the context of the dynamics of workforce, the first approach proves to be inadequate. In other words, the second approach could not articulate the relevant tendencies. Accordingly, the political economy approach that intends to include complex determination regarding the migration should integrate the national trends in the supranational framework. But, proper research should take into account that globalization and its complex order consist of a number of interventions and interferences. This means that the aforementioned approach must develop sufficiently complex methodology in order to articulate its selected subject. Keywords: international migration; neoliberalism; political economy of migration; labor force; authoritative etatism Journal: Stanovnistvo Pages: 65-82 Volume: 54 Issue: 1 Year: 2016 Month: October DOI: 10.2298/STNV160623003J File-URL: https://stnv.idn.org.rs/STNV/article/view/73 File-Function: Abstract page File-Format: text/html File-URL: https://stnv.idn.org.rs/STNV/article/download/73/64 File-Function: Full text File-Format: application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eto:stanov:v:54:y:2016:i:1:id:73 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Svetlana Stanišić Stojić Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Tourism and Hotel Management, University Singidunum, Belgrade (Serbia) Author-Name: Nemanja Stanišić Author-Workplace-Name: Business Faculty in Belgrade, Singidunum University, Belgrade (Serbia) Author-Name: Andreja Stojić Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Physics, University of Belgrade, Belgrade (Serbia) Author-Name: Vladimir Džamić Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Tourism and Hotel Management, University Singidunum, Belgrade (Serbia) Title: Seasonal Mortality Variations of Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Malignant Diseases in the City of Belgrade Publication-Status: Published Abstract: The main purpose of this paper is to examine seasonal variations in mortality resulting from cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases and cancer, as well as to provide a review of environmental factors underlying such phenomenon. The herein presented study was conducted on the territory of Belgrade based on the data on daily mortality rates obtained from the Institute of Public Health in Belgrade for the period 2009-2014, as well as the data on annual mortality rates provided by the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia for the period 2000-2014. The analysis of mortality variations was performed by the use of Theil-Sen method, smooth trend method and cubic spline interpolation, whereas desriptive tools, such as winter/summer ratio and dissimilarity index, were used to examine the seasonal pattern. According to the Institute of Public Health, over 113430 deaths were registered in Belgrade area for the period 2009-2014, out of which 53.25% is attributed to cardiovascular diseases, 4.01% to respiratory diseases and 27.50% to cancer. The annual mortality rates caused by cardiovascular diseases and cancer on the territory of Belgrade are among the highest ranking in Europe. The leading causes of death in the observed period included: cardiomyopathy, heart attack and stroke with accompanying complications, breast cancer in women, prostate and colorectal cancer in men, lung and bronchus cancer for both genders, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cardiovascular and respiratory mortality rates are significantly higher among people aged 65 and over, whereas more than one third of deaths caused by cancer is observed among younger people aged between 45 and 64 years. Research results show that seasonal variations were most pronounced in mortality resulting from cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, with highest mortality rates recorded in February and March and lowest during the summer season. Also, the number of deaths due to cardiovascular diseases increased twice, namely at the end of June and October, which is assumed to be the result of sudden temperature changes. Nonetheless, no such seasonal variations were observed in mortality caused by cancer. Seasonal variations in mortality resulting from cardiovascular diseases also indicate gender differences, which is why sudden temperature changes in interim periods affect more women than men. As regards deseasonalized trend, mortality caused by cardiovascular diseases stagnates, while mortality caused by cancer and mortality caused by respiratory diseases records moderate to severe increase. This is a uniform trend in almost all municipalities in Belgrade, with average mortality rates being higher in central zones than in suburbs over the last 15 years, particularly mortality caused by cancer. A slight increase in the overall mortality can also be attributed to aging of the population, which cannot be verified due to lack of available accurate data on the average age structure of Belgrade population for the observed period. A better understanding of seasonal variations in mortality caused by chronic non-communicable diseases can contribute to improving the population health care and rising awareness of the population concerning greater health care in changeable weather conditions due to global warming and climate change. These findings can also enhance preventive action on environmental risk factors that are not limited exclusively to weather conditions, such as air pollution. Keywords: mortality; causes of death; seasonal variations; chronic non-communicable diseases; Belgrade Journal: Stanovnistvo Pages: 83-104 Volume: 54 Issue: 1 Year: 2016 Month: October DOI: 10.2298/STNV151019001S File-URL: https://stnv.idn.org.rs/STNV/article/view/74 File-Function: Abstract page File-Format: text/html File-URL: https://stnv.idn.org.rs/STNV/article/download/74/65 File-Function: Full text File-Format: application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eto:stanov:v:54:y:2016:i:1:id:74