Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eugene Hammel Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Demography, University of California, Berkeley, CA (U.S.A.) Author-Name: Carl Mason Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Demography, University of California, Berkeley, CA (U.S.A.) Author-Name: Mirjana Stevanović Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Cultural and Social Anthropology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (U.S.A.) Title: Questions from an Analysis of Ethnic Distributions in the Former Yugoslavia Publication-Status: Published Abstract: Ethnic diversity in the former Yugoslavia, measured as informational entropy, increased in most regions at the level of the naselje, the opština, and the region, 1961-1991 (no useful data for Slovenia, Macedonia, and Kosovo in 1991). Vojvodina is the most diverse region, Slovenia the least. An exception to the increase is Kosovo-Metohija, where diversity decreased 1961-1981, driven by already serious interethnic conflict. There is some diminution of the increase in diversity in some regions in 1991, possibly because of refugee flows in anticipation of the impending violence. This rather broad and steady increase in diversity leads to questions about the view that pre-existing ethnic hatreds among broad segments of the population led to the ethnic fracturing and collapse of Yugoslavia. Instead it suggests that this fracturing may instead have been the result of competition between political leaders, stimuulated by serious economic difficulties, leading them to emphasize ethnicity in their search for popular support. From this the authors support the view that the collapse of Yugoslavia was from the top downward, not from the bottom upward. Keywords: ethnicity; ethnic diversity; informational entropy; Yugoslavia Journal: Stanovnistvo Pages: 7-24 Volume: 45 Issue: 2 Year: 2007 Month: December DOI: 10.2298/STNV0702007H File-URL: https://stnv.idn.org.rs/STNV/article/view/164 File-Function: Abstract page File-Format: text/html File-URL: https://stnv.idn.org.rs/STNV/article/download/164/154 File-Function: Full text File-Format: application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eto:stanov:v:45:y:2007:i:2:id:164 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Vladimir Nikitović Author-Workplace-Name: Demographic Research Centre Title: Patrick Buchanan "The Death of the West: How Dying Populations and Immigrant Invasions Imperil Our Country and Civilization" Publication-Status: Published Abstract: No abstract. Journal: Stanovnistvo Pages: 81-110 Volume: 45 Issue: 2 Year: 2007 Month: December DOI: 10.59954/stnv.278 File-URL: https://stnv.idn.org.rs/STNV/article/view/278 File-Function: Abstract page File-Format: text/html File-URL: https://stnv.idn.org.rs/STNV/article/download/278/252 File-Function: Full text File-Format: application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eto:stanov:v:45:y:2007:i:2:id:278 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Goran Penev Author-Workplace-Name: Demographic Research Centre, Institute of Social Sciences, Belgrade (Serbia) Author-Name: Biljana Stanković Author-Workplace-Name: Demographic Research Centre, Institute of Social Sciences, Belgrade (Serbia) Title: Suicides in Serbia at the Beginning of the 21st Century and Trends in the Past Fifty Years Publication-Status: Published Abstract: In 2006 in Serbia, 1444 persons committed suicide (19.5 per 100.000 population. Compared to the early 50s of the 20th century, the number of suicides has nearly doubled, but there has been a moderate decrease in the last 15 years. Similar, but somewhat more moderate tendencies are noted in the change of the value of the suicide rates. The lowest suicide rates were recorded during the 1950s, around 12 per 100.000, and the highest in the last decade of the 20th century when the rate reached 20 suicides per 100.000 inhabitants. The highest suicide rate is among the elderly, and there is also a noticable tendency of increase in the share of the elderly in the total number of suicides, which is primarily the consequence of intense demographic aging. With youth, the last thirty years note a decline of both the number of suicides and the value of the suicide rates. The number of young  people aged 15-24 who have committed suicide in 2006 is less than half of the number from 1971 (decreased from 150 to 66), and the values of suicide rates are also significantly low (decreased from 11.5 to 6.9 per 100.000). Despite certain changes in the values of age-specific suicide rates achieved in the last 50 years, their age patterns of suicide mortality can be characterized as stable. Men are dominant among persons who have committed suicide, with double the number of women, and the highest recorded value of the suicide rate of women never surpassed the value of the lowest suicide rate in men. In terms of marital status, the total rate of suicides is highest with widowers, then divorced persons, married persons, and lowest rates are with celibates. In all four groups, suicide rates are at least 3 times higher for men. There is also a clear connection between the level of education and suicide rates, for both sexes, with the suicide rate decreasing with higher educational level. In terms of total suicide rate, Serbia is currently in the top half of the European list of countries, closer to countries with highest suicide rates than fifteen years ago. Results achieved in other countries, especially in some former communist countries, imply that defining and conducting a strategy for suicide prevention could have significant effect on the decrease of suicides in Serbia as well. Keywords: suicides; suicide rates; suicide prevention; Serbia Journal: Stanovnistvo Pages: 25-62 Volume: 45 Issue: 2 Year: 2007 Month: December DOI: 10.2298/STNV0702025P File-URL: https://stnv.idn.org.rs/STNV/article/view/165 File-Function: Abstract page File-Format: text/html File-URL: https://stnv.idn.org.rs/STNV/article/download/165/155 File-Function: Full text File-Format: application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eto:stanov:v:45:y:2007:i:2:id:165 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mirjana Devedžić Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Geography, University of Belgrade, Belgrade (Serbia) Title: Subject of Research on Effects of Tourism on Population Development Publication-Status: Published Abstract: The importance of tourism in the context of economic and demographic recovery of certain regions has created an image of tourism as a development catalyst. Thus strategies of revitalization in depopulated and passive regions often consider tourism as an activity that can speed up the development and successfully valorize existing natural, cultural and demographic potentials. This "key" is used mainly in the absence of other development resources, since tourism valorizes issues that other industries ignore (landscape features, ethnical heritage, authentic folk architecture, etc.). In addition, it is more difficult to recommend the right forms of tourism to be developed in depopulated regions, as well as to estimate the resulting economic and demographic effects. To this end, there are success stories, but there is also evidence of non-rational initiatives and projects that were never completed. This paper attempts to discover the most logical links between population development and tourism development, based on some important characteristics of population development. The characteristics used are: overall population increase, population migrations, population structures, and changes in households. They were selected because they best reflect not only direct, but also indirect multiplicative effects of tourism. Along with the theoretical and methodological background, the research is also supported by selected examples, interviews, and demographic analyzes. The effects are not universal. They depend on the region, the kind of tourism and the degree of its development, the demographic situation as it is, and the research approach, since global and local effects need not necessarily be unidirectional. Population increase initiated by tourism development is achieved due to the migration component, but the effects are most obvious at the level of tourist regions and their tourist centers. One can also note counter processes in some places that have tourist function. The level of tourism development and social attitudes to tourism development determine the sense of perspective that makes people to move. The most direct effects are reflected in the restructuring of active population w.r.t. the existing industries and the domination of tertiary activities. The activity of women is increased, as well as their responsibilities in households. The most diverse effects of tourism factors are sublimed in households. Such effects are not possible with small-scale tourism that is the most appropriate one in depopulated regions. The effects are best reflected in strengthening of economic and social functions of households and in the increase of local industries and crafts, which can lead to population decrease. Keywords: depopulation; tourism development; population dynamics; migrations; population structures Journal: Stanovnistvo Pages: 63-79 Volume: 45 Issue: 2 Year: 2007 Month: December DOI: 10.2298/STNV0702063D File-URL: https://stnv.idn.org.rs/STNV/article/view/166 File-Function: Abstract page File-Format: text/html File-URL: https://stnv.idn.org.rs/STNV/article/download/166/156 File-Function: Full text File-Format: application/pdf Handle: RePEc:eto:stanov:v:45:y:2007:i:2:id:166